HSK 7 · Academic Chinese

Standard, fluent communication in the professional environment and the academic field.

The grouping below is a teaching proposal by Mandarin Sprout, not the full CTI grammar syllabus.

诚然…然而… to acknowledge a limitationchéng rán… rán ér…

Acknowledge a point while limiting the conclusions that can be drawn from it.

诚然，成本降低了，然而服务质量仍需评估。chéng rán， chéng běn jiàng dī le， rán ér fú wù zhì liàng réng xū píng gū。

鉴于 to introduce grounds for a decisionjiàn yú

鉴于 introduces the basis for a decision. Distinguish existing evidence from the intended purpose.

鉴于现有证据不足，我们暂缓作出结论。jiàn yú xiàn yǒu zhèng jù bù zú， wǒ men zàn huǎn zuò chū jié lùn。

在于 to identify the key issuezài yú

关键在于 identifies the central issue. 能否 retains both possibilities: whether something can or cannot happen.

关键在于能否公开评估过程。guān jiàn zài yú néng fǒu gōng kāi píng gū guò chéng。

有待 for work still to be doneyǒu dài

有待 indicates unfinished work. It does not mean that a conclusion has already been established.

这一解释仍有待进一步验证。zhè yī jiě shì réng yǒu dài jìn yī bù yàn zhèng。

基于 for the basis of an analysisjī yú

基于 marks the basis of an analysis. Hypotheses still require separate verification.

基于以上材料，我们提出两个假设。jī yú yǐ shàng cái liào， wǒ men tí chū liǎng gè jiǎ shè。

无从 for a lack of means or basiswú cóng

Here, 无从 means that the missing data leaves no basis for judging the cause, not merely that there is no reason.

没有原始数据，我们无从判断变化的原因。méi yǒu yuán shǐ shù jù， wǒ men wú cóng pàn duàn biàn huà de yuán yīn。

Read the method and practice a few questions before working on speed.
Read explanations and retry missed questions. Only attempts without hints count as independent success.
Write or speak, save a draft, then revise using the checklist.
Check official sample papers before timed practice. The correct-answer rate here is not an exam score.